Thessaloníki Case Essay Example for Free

Thessalonki Case EssaySalonica or Thessalonki means the supremacy of Thessalonian and it is the capital metropolis of Macedonia and in Greece it is the second largest city patch in the whole of S disc overhern Eastern Europe, it one of the largest city. The city still retains a number of Jewish and puff buildings together with a good number of Byzantine architectural monuments. Thessalonki was founded by a king from Macedon known as poove Cassander at around 315 BC who gave it the name Thessalonki which was his wifes name and the wife was a half sister to black lovage the Great (David 2004). When the kingdom of Macedon was no more than in 168 BC, the Roman Republic took over the city and it became one of its own. The city trem demiseously grew and it became the capital city of Macedonia.In 379 BC, the Roman Prefecture of Illyricum was split into two which gave bob up to the West and East Roman imperiums and the new Prefecture named Thessalonki as its capital city. In 12 04, immediately later the capture of Constantinople which happened by the fourth crusade, Thessalonki was redeem and it was no longer under the Byzantine. (Donald 2000) In 1246, Thessalonki was recovered by the Byzantine Empire who later sold it to Venice in 1423 who ruled the city until on 1430 29th March, when Thessalonki was again captured by drag Sultan Murad. Over the reign of Ottoman, Thessalonkis Jewish and Muslims increased in numbers and by 1478, the city had a total of 4,320 Muslims and 6,094 Greek Orthodox together with a good number of Catholics just now there were no Jews. In order to prevent the Greeks from dominating Thessalonki, Ottoman welcomed the Sephardic Jews who were thrown out of Spain by Isabella and Ferdinand. For the next two centuries, Thessalonki grew to be the largest Jewish city in the whole world and it was nick named The Mother of Israel (Albert 1923).The Ottoman Empire was founded by the Turkish Osman moreover unfortunately it suffered so more problems like, the ancestor of the Mogul dynasty in India, the 1402 attack by the Tamerlane and the Mongol ruler of Samarkand. Constantinople was the important threat of the empire but when he was captured in 1453 it was an advantage to the Ottoman Empire since it was able to stabilize in the region.Thessalonki was under the empire until 1912, when it was worn out back by the Greek about 90 years following the other Greece cities which had already gained their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The destruction of the Ottoman empire was overseen by the Mustafa Kemal who was born and brought up in Thessalonki in 1923, he later became the president of the Republic of Turkey. He was a truly good leader but a dictator but he brought great reform in Turkey and he greatly emphasized on a strong Turkish nationalism which lead to him getting the title of Father Of the Turks in 1935. At the beginning of the 20th Century Thessalonki was dominated by the European but the situation changed and currently it is completely filled by the Greek. (Apostle 1980) In the late 19th Century and the beginning of the 20th Century, Thessalonki was drastically destroyed by a series of fire which resulted in to the 1917 devastating fire incident that destroyed so many homes leaving many citizens being homeless and it resulted to the city center being rebuilt and re intend which took a period of twenty five years. In 1978, Thessalonki suffered a number of drastic earthquakes, which led to many casualties and disruption and it also destroyed many early churches. From the time when Thessalonki came into being which is like 2,000 years ago, the Jewish in that city contributed so ofttimes in its development. From the foundation of Thessalonki the leader of Egypt who was also the initiator of the Ptolemaic dynasty had also acted as a Macedonian General working under Alexander the Great and his name was Ptolemy, I (Donald 2000). He was requested by the founder of Thessalonki Kassandra to give a number of his Jewish artisans to beef up the group that was building the city.When the Jewish Artisans went to Thessalonki they did not went back to their homeland after completing their task of rebuilding the city which resulted to the foundation of the Jewish community in Thessalonki. In 140 BC the Jewish from Alexandria also arrived in Thessalonki who were later followed by the Jewish from Macedonian who arrived in 10 AD. From the Holy record in the book of Acts of Apostles it is recorded that in 50 AD St Paul visited Thessalonki where he taught in the synagogue which shows that the Jewish community was already naturalized in Thessalonki by thusly. During the following century very many Jews came to Thessalonki, but the largest mass migration of Jews to the city happened at the end of the 15th Century. (David 2004) By then the Jewish who were in Spain were doing very well for some time and it resulted into the Jewish community producing very great artists, scholars, a rtisans, traders, scientists, artists and philosophers.But in 1492 the trend suddenly came to an end when Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain and the inquisition felt like the Jewish were flourishing very much and if they could be given a chance they may be they could have planned on how to overthrow them hence they decided to do past with the threat and they threw them out of their territory. After the departure of the Jewish community from Spain, the Spanish dug out their cemeteries and they even set ablaze the areas where the Jewish were living and they even renamed those places by giving them new Christian names so as to do away and to forget the Jewish community, they even went to an extend of destroying anything that could have brought their memories back. The Ottoman Empire warmly welcomed the Spanish Jewish whom he saw as new taxpayer and he could not comprehend why the Spanish could do away with such important and valuable resource. From the middle of the 15th Century when the Ottoman Empire took over Thessalonki, that city had been almost abandoned thus the Jewish Community who were later joined by other Jews from different troubled parts had superior force play than other communities who later joined them (Edward 1947).They had authority in Thessalonki and they worked in different mines, they started the first printing house and just like they did in Spain, they produced very great artists, scholars, artisans, traders, scientists, artists and philosophers. They also did very well in businesses, commerce and in industries while their professionals established their own organizations and charitable institutions. The Jewish lived in prosperity and in harmony with other Christians and their Muslim neighbors they even ganged up with them in war. Thessalonki was one of the very important cities in the Ottoman Empire and it remained under the Empire up to the year 1912. Thessalonkis day of rest was Saturday which was the Jewish Sabbath Day. In October 1912, the city was captured by Greek and in March 1913, the king of Greece King George the first was kill in the city. In 1915, which was during the world war one, some forces captured the city and they wanted to use it as a base against the supporters of German Bulgarians.Later a thick fire accident attacked the city and it caused a lot of destruction and the results of the destruction was that a good number of Jewish population vacated the city and they resettled in different places like, America, Paris and Palestine (Albert 1913). The Jewish who vacated were replaced by Greek refugees who were evicted from Turkey in 1922 after the Greco-Turkish war. This caused the city to increased in size very speedy and it was named The Refugee Capital while others called it The Mother Of The Poor.In 1941 Thessalonki was captured by the forces of Nazi Germany until 1944 but later it was attacked by bombing which drastically destroyed it while many Jewish were exterminated by the Nazis which resu lted to only a thousand Jewish population remaining in the city. However, the citys glory was restored since it was rebuilt very fast after the war. (Apostle 1980) Currently Thessalonki has been transformed into a modern city which has very wonderful roads and boulevards that has been laid out and designed in a control grid pattern. The city also has well designed and wonderful shopping streets, restaurants, hotels, concert hall and even nightclubs.Work CitedAlbert H., The Government of Ottoman, New York Alpha Publishers, 1913.Apostle Papagiannapoulos, History of Thessalonki, Wales DA Capo Press, 1982.Apostle Papagiannapoulos, Thessalonki, LA Baton blusher Press, 1980.David Willett, The Greece, West minister West Minister John Knox Press, 2004.Donald Quataert, The Ottoman Empire, Wales DA Capo Press, 2000.Edward Shepherd, The history Of Ottoman Empire, LA Baton Rouge Press, 1947.